Johaot kroog-



ZSheetS-Sheet 1. J. KROOG,

Filter.

.No.'231,33'5. Patented Aug. n, 188:0.

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A? iz .To alt whom it may concern llamen, drains trice@ Joanna Knooe, or nALLnlon-rnn-snann, reussite.

SPLEGIFICATION formingxpart of Letters Patent No. 231,335, dated August 17, 1880.

Application inea January c, 1880.

Bc it known that I, lJoiinyn Kaooe, of Halle-on-the-Saale, Prussia, have invented a `new and useful Improvement in FilteringApparatus, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure l is a side relevation of an apparatus constructed according to the said invention, but shows the pipe t and the feeding-pipe in section. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the same, taken through one of the filteringplates. Fig. 3 is a plan of a frame iilter-press of six chambers constructed according to this invention. Fig. 4t is a View showing-the iixed head-piece, hereinafter described, and. parts connectedth'erewith. Fig. 5 isv a vieivofa.

frame, hereinafter described. 6 is a View y of afiltermg-plate, hereinafter described. Fig.

usual with such apparatus.

7 is a plan of the .feeding-pipe, hereinafter described. Fig. 8 isa section through an elbowpipe, hereinafter described. Fig.i) is a side .View cfa filtering-bar.` Fig. 1() is an edgeview of three such bars as adjusted in place, and Fig. y1l is a view of tivo .filtering-bars modied in construction.

Like letters indicate the saine parts throughout the drawings. The general arrangement of the said filtering amaaratus'or lter-press is the saine as is The fixed headlpiece vb and standard or end piece, o, are fastened4 to Vthe foundationa. VThe rods e, which connect the head b to the standard c, are arranged to supportthe filtermg-platesp and their intervening frames r in such` a manner that each may be displaced or shifted-that is to say, each of said plates p and frames r rest vertically upon said rods by means of their lateral arms 12 13, and thus may be removed and replaced in any. order. These plates p and frames r are numbered in consecutive order from left to right, so that each may be individually referred to inv the description oftheir use. These rodsc also support the movable head-piece j'.

I will now proceed to describe the construction of the filtering-plates forming the chief feature of the said invention, also the pecaiiar arrangement oi the tubes or conduits, serving partly for effecting, the feeding of the mass to7 be filtered and partly for ett'ecti n g the feeding vof othertlnids or gases to be used in the apparatus. Y y l v Each of theltering-plates p is formed by narrow barsiy, placed side by side, but separated a distance apart by-intermediate pieces, h, placed between their top and bottoni ends, as shown in Figs. 2, 6,:11111'10 ofthe draw. in gs. rThe first and last bars, g, of each filtering-plate are separated in the same manner from the side pieces, ithat is to say, by means of intermediate pieces, It, at their" upper and lower ends. The bars g, intermediate pieces, h, and side pieces, c, are held fas-t by the end beams, 7c, and the tightening screw-bolts l. Thus a filtering-plate is yformed furnished ,with a great'number of slits or openings, the said plate being smooth and level op both sides, Each bar g is provided with apertures m, as 'shown in Figs. 9 and l0, which, when the several bars are in place, form traverseV or cross tubes connecting the slits or openings between the bars, asl is indicated by dotted lines in Figs. 2 and (i. l i Idease the material. used for the bars should render it desirable, I may provide vthe slits between the bars by removing a portion of their sides, so as to provide them with heads, Aas h, Figa-11, so that when the bars are placed side by side slits er openings between them 4Will be formed, as is shown in Asaid Fig. 11.

lt' it should be .desired to give the filteringplates a circular or round shape, I mayforih them by employing concentric lrings placed one within the other' and separated adistance apart by intermediate pieces or heads, h. a

The slits or openings are shown very wide in Figs. 2 and 6; but in practice these slits are made so ne and narrow as to allow the vliquid portion only of the contents of the aplparatus to pass through them during the filtering process, and thence to pass outthrough the cocks n, with which each filtering-plate be provided, and which constitute a continuation at one end of the conduit formed by the lower apertures, on. pended in the iiuid are thus Iprevented. from entering the said slits or cocks. Thus the Any solid parts susconstruction of the said platee permits of the. 10o

ving the width of the said slits the ordinary filtering mediums, such as cloth, wool, felt, porous plates, or the like. Consequently', as the const-ructionof the plates according to this invention admits of arrangor openings according to the liquid or substance to be tiltered, and as every material which can be worked into ,bars may be Aused for forming the said plates, I am enabled to produce a filtering apparatus without employing filteringcloth. -Y

I do not wish it to be understood that I consider the employment of filtering apparatus without filtering-cloth to be in all cases best and cheapestaas I am aware that in many cases theapplication otitilteringmediums, and particularlyof fiIteringQcIth, will prove lo be more profitable than without the same; but in these cases such filtering mediums, in connection with my said filtering apparatus, will abrd very great advantages.

lBy reason ofithefacility with which, ac-A cording to this invention,'l may form plates `easily eected,

having' slits of any desired width and bars of any thickness that maybe necessary, and of any material, l. am ablev t`o provide for every filtering medium an under layer best suited 'forthepurpose to which the apparatus may have to be applied. y

The-cleansin g of my im provedplatesis very for the reason that there is complete communication through the slits or openings.

l will now proceed to describe the tubes or conduits above mentioned.

/If the apparatus is to be used for filtration only, all'the plates are made in the manner on the'end'of the pipe 'the pipe 9 by means bow a. (Shown in Fig. 8.) 'Ihe elbows 5 de pend from the pipe tone end of which ismov-Y' ratus, after having turnedV the elbows 5may bev turned apparatus by means of the handle 40, mountedj t,`said pipe being thus illustrated in Fig. 6; but if the apparatus is to be used for lixiviation also, 'the plates p designated l, 3, 5, and 7 will `remain in communication with the outside air, as is that shown in Fig; G-that 'is -to say, they will only have one connection with their interior, namely, a cock, n. `The plates p numbered 2, 4, and 6 will lhave the same connection with theoutside air; but besides this connection they will beprovided with an`airvalve, u, communicating with the upper conduit formed by the apertures m, and said plates also have a small pipe,"9, communicating with one end ofthe lower conduit formed by the apertures m. (See Figsf and 2;)

y Eheelbow-pipe 5 ispressed tightly 'against of a screw in the movable ablein a stung-boX,-while the other end turns on a pivot, so that when emptying the appadownthe bows fu,

swung outward and preventing any damage being done to the said-elbows-wuen moving or? displacing the frames r and plates p.

' foundation a. These outward'fromthe foundation a, and of' the sections c', c2, 03, e,

u", and c6, and with a cover, w. The pipe-section c is provided with pivots 6 7, (see Fig. 7,) to which rods a: are connected, whereby the lengths or sections of pipe are pressed tightly ltogether through thex medium of passing through the cross-piece the opposite ends of the rods w are seated. The lengths or sections of pipe o', o2, v3, o, e5,

and e are each as long as the width of a plate,

p, and aframe, r, and each connects with its respective frame r by means of small pipes z, which pipes are numbered respectively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, to indicate their association with said frames. The said small -pipes are made sufliciently long in comparison with their diameter to render the material of the said pipes sufficiently elastic to insure a tight connection of the lengths of pipe notwithstanding any slight inexactitude which might occur.

By means of the arrangement of' the tubes and conduits, as above described, a minimum of tighteningsurface is attained.Y While with the usual formation of conduitsr the feedingtubc for a frame filtering apparatus of six chambers has twelve tightening-surfaces, the same will have, if built according to my improved construction, seven tigh tening-surfaces only, i ncluding` the lid or cover. Furthermore, the liXviation-tube for a frame filtering apparatus of six chambers of the ordinary construction will have twelve tightening-surfaces likewise, while it will havebut three according to my said invention;

The operation of the apparatus is as fo1loWs-, that is to say, after the samehas been screwed up the mass to be filtered is poured into the frame r through the pipe-c. The -fiuid Hows4 off through the slits or openin s in the filtering-frames`, and thence throng the cocks a, while the compact or solid particles form cakes within the frames, and when these are vformed the induction is stopped. .After the cocksof the plates p marked 2, 4, and 6 have been closed thetluid intended for lixiviating is let into thesaid platesthrough the pipe t, and the aircontained therein passes out through the air-valves. This being effected, the lixivia-ting fluid-enters the cakes, driving the fluid contained in the said-cakes into the plates p marked-1, 3, 5, 'and 7,.'ivte`iica-it runs out through the lcocks n, the same' having been opened.V After the lixiviation has been co1n- 'pleted the influxof thelixiviating-tluid is cut off, the elbows 5 are turned from the apparatus in the manner above described, and the bow u, having been loosened, is rested upon the finish ed,the removal of the said cakes is effected by displacing orshiftn'g the'plates and frames. -Having'thus-deseribetl xmy invention, what I-claimas new, an'd'desire -to Vsecure by *Letters IPatent, i's- 1. Thetilteringlplates, constructed of a series a screw, 10, l1, in which IOO IIO

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proceedings having beenl l of bars separated by intermediate pieces or In testimony whereof I havesigned my heads, h, substantially as described. 4 name to this specification in' the presence of xo 12. The combination, with the frames and two subscribing witnesses.l

p etes, of the sectional feeding-pipes, substan- 5 tially as described. y JOHANN KROOG' 3. The combination, with 'the lteing-plates, Witnesses: of the movable lixiviebing-pipe t, provided' ROBERT R. SOHMiDT, with elbows 5, substantially as described. OTTOMAR WAGLER. 

